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为探究起垄方向和保护性耕作措施对山地烤烟产质量的影响,于2014年在重庆市石柱县开展大田试验,研究处理T1(沿着坡度起垄,垄间无覆盖,作对照)、T2(沿着坡度起垄,垄间覆盖玉米秸秆)、T3(沿着坡度起垄,垄间覆盖黑麦草)、T4(等高线起垄,垄间无覆盖,作对照)、T5(等高线起垄,垄间覆盖玉米秸秆)、T6(等高线起垄,垄间覆盖黑麦草)6个处理间土壤肥力和烤烟产质量的差异。结果表明:保护性耕作能够提高土壤肥力,等高线起垄优于顺坡起垄,其中等高线起垄且垄间覆盖物为玉米秸秆效果最佳。各处理除总糖、还原糖含量和糖碱比外,其他常规化学成分大体均在优质烟叶范围内。处理T5中部叶石油醚提取物、中性致香物质含量以及产量、产值均达到最高,分别为9.93%、997.43μg/g、2 246.34 kg/hm2、40 055.55元/hm2。总体上,等高线起垄且垄间覆盖物为玉米秸秆对改善山地烟田土壤肥力和烟叶质量的效果最佳。
In order to explore the impact of ridge direction and conservation tillage on the yield and quality of mountain flue-cured tobacco, a field experiment was carried out in Shizhu County, Chongqing in 2014 to study the effects of T1 (slope ridgeing, no ridge cover, as control), T2 (Ridge Ridge Along Ridges, Ridge Between Corn Stalks), T3 (Rough Ridge Along Ridges, Ryegrass Ridge Between Ridges), T4 (Contour Ridge Ridge, Ridgeless Coverage, Control), T5 Line ridge, ridge cover corn stalk), T6 (contour ridge ridge, ridge cover ryegrass) soil fertility and flue-cured tobacco production and quality differences. The results showed that: Conservation tillage can improve soil fertility, contouring Ridge Ridge Ridge Ridge Ridge Ridge Ridge Contour Ridge ridge cover and corn stover best. In addition to the total sugar, reducing sugar content and the ratio of sugar and alkali, the other conventional chemical composition are generally in the range of high-quality tobacco. The contents of petroleum ether extract, neutral aroma and the yield of the middle part of T5 treatment reached 9.93%, 997.43μg / g, 2446.34kg / hm2 and 40.0545.55yuan / hm2, respectively. In general, contouring and ridge cover and corn stalks are best for improving soil fertility and leaf quality in mountainous tobacco fields.