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列宁曾引法国的一句谚语说:“一切譬喻都有缺陷”。我们平常也听到过“打个不恰当的比方”的说法。比喻“不恰当”和有缺陷是客观存在的。一、比喻贴切的相对性再精当的比喻有象的一面,也有不象的一面,任何比方都是象和不象的对立统一体。如果要求喻物和被喻物完全一致,那是不可能也是没有必要的。此物和彼物既然本来是两种东西,当然就不能完全一样,假定一切特征完全一样,只需直接描
Lenin once quoted a French proverb: “Everything has a flaw.” We have also heard the saying “make an inappropriate analogy”. The metaphor “inappropriate” and flawed are objective. 1. Metaphorical Relativity The re-rendered metaphor has a side of the elephant and a side of the elephant, and any analogy is a unity of the opposite of the elephant and the elephant. If it is required that the metaphor is identical with the metaphor, it is impossible and unnecessary. Since this material and its objects are originally two kinds of things, of course they cannot be exactly the same. Assuming that all features are exactly the same, only direct description is required.