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本文根据热传导理论和粘弹性理论、按照混凝土大坝的施工和运行过程、采用二维和三维有限单元法、对混凝土重力坝进行了全过程仿真分析。在计算中考虑了下列因素:混凝土分层浇筑时间、浇筑温度、气温变化、水库蓄水和正常运行水位、水温变化、混凝土徐变和自生体积变形等。计算结果说明温度荷载是重力坝最重要的荷载之一,温度应力在总应力中占很大比重,特别是施工期的温度应力对大坝全过程中的应力有很大影响。本文还对重力坝的温度控制提出了问题和意见。
According to the theory of heat conduction and viscoelasticity, the whole process of concrete gravity dam is simulated by two-dimensional and three-dimensional finite element method according to the construction and operation of concrete dam. In the calculation, the following factors were considered: concrete delamination time, pouring temperature, temperature change, reservoir water storage and normal operation water level, water temperature change, concrete creep and autogenous volume deformation. The calculation results show that temperature load is one of the most important loads of gravity dam. Temperature stress accounts for a large proportion of the total stress. Especially, the temperature stress during construction has a great influence on the stress in the dam. The paper also raised questions and opinions on the temperature control of gravity dam.