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目的分析西藏日喀则市人民医院5岁以下住院儿童死亡情况,为制定有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析2011年1月至2015年12月西藏日喀则市人民医院收治的5岁以下住院儿童111例死亡病例的临床资料。结果西藏日喀则市人民医院2011-2015年5岁以下住院儿童中2011年死亡率4.84%,2015年死亡率2.36%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.20,P=0.01)。在所有年龄段中,新生儿期(0~28d)死亡病例最高(占58.56%)。主要死因为新生儿围生期疾病、肺炎、腹泻。新生儿5年死亡率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=26.64,P=0.00)。结论有效降低高原地区5岁以下住院儿童死亡率的关键是加强围产期保健、提高产科人员的技术水平、提升危重症的急救能力、普及科学知识和健康教育知识。
Objective To analyze the death of hospitalized children under 5 years old in Shigatse People’s Hospital of Tibet and provide a scientific basis for formulating effective intervention measures. Methods The clinical data of 111 deaths among children under 5 years of age admitted to Shigatse People’s Hospital of Tibet from January 2011 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Results In 2011-2015, the hospitalized children under 5 years of age in Shigatse People’s Hospital of Tibet had a mortality rate of 4.84% in 2011 and a mortality rate of 2.36% in 2015, with a significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 6.20, P = 0.01). In all age groups, neonatal (0 ~ 28d) the highest deaths (58.56%). The main cause of death is neonatal perinatal disease, pneumonia, diarrhea. The 5-year neonatal mortality difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 26.64, P = 0.00). Conclusion The key to effectively reduce the mortality rate of hospitalized children under 5 in the plateau is to enhance perinatal health care, improve the technical level of obstetricians, enhance the emergency treatment ability of critically ill patients and popularize the knowledge of scientific knowledge and health education.