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泛素(ubiquitin)因其在整个生物界广泛存在而得名。泛素依赖性的蛋白质降解系统通过降解缺陷无用的蛋白质和失活的各种细胞器,影响着机体的染色体结构与功能、遗传信息的复制与表达、细胞信号传导与调节等常见生命现象。转化生长因子β(transforming growth factor β)及TGF-β/Smad信号传导通路在组织修复及器官纤维化过程中起重要作用。TGF-β/Smad信号传导调节机制复杂,其中探讨TGF-β/Smad信号传导通路的终止机制是近年研究热点。随着泛素-蛋白水解酶复合体可阻断TGFB/Smad信号分子作用的发现,一类特异性介导Smads泛素化降解的关键泛素酶—Smads泛素化调节因子(Smad ubiquitination regulatoryfactors,Smurfs)逐渐为学者所重视。本文对Smurfs与组织修复、纤维化过程中的生理及病理研究进展作如下综述。
Ubiquitin is named for its widespread presence in the entire organism. Ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation system through the degradation of unwanted proteins and inactivation of a variety of organelles, affecting the body’s chromosome structure and function, the replication and expression of genetic information, cell signaling and regulation of other common life phenomena. Transforming growth factor β and TGF-β / Smad signal transduction pathways play an important role in tissue repair and organ fibrosis. The mechanism of TGF-β / Smad signaling regulation is complex, and it is a hot topic in recent years to investigate the termination mechanism of TGF-β / Smad signaling pathway. With the discovery that ubiquitin-proteasome complexes block the action of TGFB / Smad signaling molecules, a key ubiquitin-Smads ubiquitination regulator (Smad ubiquitination regulatory factors, Smurfs) gradually pay attention to scholars. This review summarizes the progress of the studies on the physiology and pathology of Smurfs and tissue repair and fibrosis.