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保护地生产甜瓜存在的问题是坐果率低、果实小、产量低,从而影响了经济效益。原因是甜瓜的花即是单性花也可以是两性花,结实的是两性花,两性花的柱头高于雄药,不利于授粉。特别是保护地湿度大,空气流动小更不利于授粉。而保护地生产多在早春、低温、光照少情况下严重影响坐果率,必需进行辅助授粉。传统方法是人工授粉,而人工授粉费时、费力、效果不好。因而,1999年我们在吉林省辽源市山湾乡七一村六组两家日光温室利用蜜蜂进行辅助授粉对照试验,结果经济效益显著。试验如下:
The problem of producing melon in protected areas is that the fruit setting rate is low, the fruit is small and the yield is low, thus affecting the economic benefits. The reason is that the melon flower that is unisexual flowers can also be bisexual, strong bisexual flowers, stigma of both sexes is higher than the male, is not conducive to pollination. Especially the protection of humidity, air flow is more less conducive to pollination. The protection of production and more in early spring, low temperature, light conditions seriously affect the rate of fruit set, the need for secondary pollination. The traditional method is artificial pollination, and artificial pollination time-consuming, laborious, the effect is not good. Therefore, in 1999, we used bees in six sunlit greenhouse of six groups in Qiyi Village, Shanwan Township, Liaoyuan City, Jilin Province to carry out the auxiliary pollination control experiment. The results showed that the economic benefits were remarkable. Test as follows: