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为研究中国急性弛缓性麻痹 (AFP)病例中脊髓灰质炎 (简称脊灰 )病毒分离株的分子特征 ,为中国继续维持“无脊灰野毒状态”提供理论依据 ,对 2 0 0 2年所有省级疾病预防控制中心送检的脊灰分离株 ,用PCR RFLP法及ELISA法进行型内鉴定。用PCR RFLP法筛查出与疫苗株相比有异常酶切图谱的毒株共 2 4株 ,其中Ⅰ型毒株 1株 ,Ⅱ型毒株 2 1株 ,Ⅲ型毒株 2株 ;用ELISA法筛查出与疫苗株相比有不同的抗原抗体反应的毒株共 2 2株 ,其中Ⅰ型毒株 7株 ,Ⅱ型毒株 4株 ,Ⅲ型毒株 1 1株 ,在 7株Ⅰ型毒株中有 3株为非疫苗类似株 (NSL) ,其余为双反应毒株 (DRV)。随后对这 4 6株毒株进行了全VP1区的基因序列分析。结果表明 :2 0 0 2年脊灰分离株都是疫苗株或疫苗衍生株 ,没有发现野毒株 ,中国继续保持着“无脊灰野毒状态” ;口服减毒活疫苗 (OPV)株与其它野毒株在稳定性性质方面是类似的 ,即通常是不稳定的 ,在人体肠道内有很强的选择性 ;在人体肠道内 ,病毒复制产生的基因变异导致毒力升高 ,是引起疫苗相关麻痹病例 (VAPP)的重要原因 ,但宿主本身的因素也有很大的作用 ;在局部地区有疫苗株的循环或脊灰疫苗衍生株 (VDPV)的存在 ;最终消除疫苗株引起的AFP病例可能还需要脊灰灭活疫苗(IPV)的介入。
In order to study the molecular characteristics of the poliovirus isolated from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases in China and provide a theoretical basis for China to continue maintaining the status of “poliovirus without wild poliovirus”, all the provinces Poliovirus isolates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were identified by PCR RFLP and ELISA. A total of 24 strains were screened by PCR RFLP, including 1 strain of type I, 21 strains of type II and 2 strains of type III. A total of 22 strains with different antigen-antibody responses were screened out from the vaccine strains, including 7 strains of type I, 4 of type II and 11 of type III, Three strains were non-vaccine similar strains (NSL), the rest of the double-reaction strains (DRV). Then the 46 strains of strains were carried out the VP1 region of the gene sequence analysis. The results showed that all poliovirus isolates were vaccine strains or vaccine-derived strains in 2002, no wild strains were found and China maintained “poliovirus-free status”. Oral attenuated live vaccine (OPV) strain and other Wild-type strains are similar in terms of their stability properties, ie they are usually unstable and have strong selectivity in the human gut. Gene mutations in the human gut that cause viral replication lead to increased virulence and are responsible for the vaccine Related factors (VAPP), but the host itself also has a significant role; in some areas there is a vaccine strain circulating or polio vaccine-derived strains (VDPV); eventually eliminate vaccine-induced AFP cases may be There is also a need for the intervention of a polio-inactivated vaccine (IPV).