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用回顾性方法调查了上海居民1950～1985年膳食组成的变化,并用逐步回归法分析了膳食组成与疾病的关系。结果表明:35年来上海居民的膳食组成,粮食比重逐年下降,动物性食物逐年增加(除1960年前后外),肉类和蛋类1985年比1950年分别增加2.8倍和4.9倍;碳水化合物摄入量逐年下降,脂肪摄入量逐年增加,多价不饱和脂肪与饮和脂肪的比值(P/S)下降、有脂肪摄入过剩的趋势,与此同时,恶性肿瘤、心脑血管疾病死亡率逐年增加,且与膳食饱和脂肪摄入量呈正相关,但蛋白质、钙、核黄素摄入量又显不足,迫切需要调整膳食组成。
A retrospective survey of Shanghai residents from 1950 to 1985 changes in diet composition, and step by step regression analysis of the relationship between diet composition and disease. The results showed that the diet composition, food proportion of Shanghai residents decreased year by year, animal food increased year by year (except before and after 1960), meat and eggs increased by 2.8 times and 4.9 times respectively in 1985 compared with 1950, and the intake of carbohydrates The amount of fat decreased year by year, fat intake increased year by year, polyunsaturated fat and drink and fat ratio (P / S) decreased, there is a tendency to excess fat intake, while malignant tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases death The rate increased year by year, and was positively correlated with dietary saturated fat intake, but the protein, calcium, riboflavin intake was significantly inadequate, there is an urgent need to adjust the diet composition.