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目的分析2009—2013年沈阳市手足口病(HFMD)流行病学特征,为科学防控提供依据。方法利用《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》病例信息进行分析。结果 2009—2013年沈阳市累计报告HFMD病例37 399例,其中重症96例,死亡3例。年报告发病率60.87/10万~111.16/10万。全年各月均有发病,7月份达到顶峰,呈现单峰分布。重症和死亡病例也呈现单峰型,与发病高峰一致,重症病例从夏初绵延到冬季。疫情首发于流动人口聚集的郊区,发病率由高到低依次为郊区,市区和县。5岁及以下婴幼儿特别是2岁组和3岁组发病率最高,散居儿童比例占52.24%,略高于托幼儿童。1岁组和2岁组占重症病例比例最大,共占57.29%。实验室诊断病例1 075例,占病例总数的2.87%,其中EV71,Cox A16和其他EV分别占33.67%、40.65%和25.67%。结论沈阳市手足口病疫情处于高流行态势,5岁及以下儿童是主要发病人群,流行高峰期相对稳定,优势病毒株与全国流行趋势不完全吻合。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Shenyang City from 2009 to 2013 and provide the basis for scientific prevention and control. Methods The case information of Disease Surveillance Information Report Management System was used for analysis. Results A total of 37 399 HFMD cases were reported in Shenyang from 2009 to 2013, of which 96 cases were severe and 3 died. The annual report incidence of 60.87 / 100000 ~ 111.16 / 100000. The incidence of all the year round, peaked in July, showing a unimodal distribution. Severe and death cases also showed a unimodal, consistent with the peak incidence, severe cases stretching from early summer to winter. The outbreak started in the suburbs with floating population, with the morbidity from high to low being suburban, urban and county. The highest prevalence was found in infants aged 5 years and under, especially in the 2-year-old group and the 3-year-old group, with the proportion of scattered children accounting for 52.24%, slightly higher than that of kindergarten children. 1-year-old group and 2-year-old group accounted for the largest proportion of severe cases, accounting for 57.29%. There were 1 075 cases of laboratory diagnosis, accounting for 2.87% of the total cases, of which EV71, Cox A16 and other EV accounted for 33.67%, 40.65% and 25.67% respectively. Conclusion The HFMD epidemic in Shenyang City is in a high epidemic situation. Children aged 5 and below are the main pathogens and the epidemic peak is relatively stable. The predominant virus strains are not in line with the national epidemic trend.