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格林威治时间2000年10月31日7时52分，一枚联盟号火箭从拜科努尔航天发射中心1号发射台升空，把载有国际空间站首批长住宇航员的联盟TM31号宇宙飞船送入太空，从而拉开了人类在国际空间站上长期定居的序幕。这标志着太空探索的历史在长期冷战结束后又开始了一个新的篇章。
At 0255 GMT, on 31 October 2000, a Soyuz rocket launched from the launch pad at the Baikonur Space Launch Center and launched the Alliance TM 31 with the first permanent astronauts on the International Space Station Spacecraft into space, which opened the human race in the International Space Station long-term settlements. This marks a new chapter in the history of space exploration after the end of the long cold war.