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目的分析玉林市手足口病的流行病学特征,为制订防治策略提供科学依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对玉林市2008~2012年的手足口病疫情资料进行分析。结果 2008~2012年玉林市手足口病发病率为25.26/10万~385.78/10万,年均发病率为181.77/10万;全年均有病例发生,4~6月为发病高峰期,占全年发病总数的49.12%;男性发病率高于女性,男女性别比为1.74∶1;发病年龄主要集中于1~3岁,占发病总数的75.55%,其中以2~岁年龄组多发;以散居、幼托儿童发病居多,分别占发病总数的86.69%和10.2%;2010~2012年每年检出的病原谱均有变化,重症(或死亡)病例中肠道病毒71型(EV71型)的阳性检出率75.55%明显高于监测点病例。结论玉林市2008~2012年手足口病发病趋势处于高强度流行状态,发病有明显的季节性,散居、幼托儿童是主要发病人群。引起手足口病重症(或死亡)病例的主要病原为EV71型。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Yulin city and provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of HFMD in Yulin from 2008 to 2012. Results The incidence of HFMD in Yulin was between 25.26 / lakh and 385.78 / lakh from 2008 to 2012, with an average annual incidence of 181.77 / lakh. The incidence of HFMD in Yulin City was between 2008 and 2012, with a peak in April to June The incidence of males and females was 1.74:1. The age of onset was mainly between 1 and 3 years old, accounting for 75.55% of the total, of which 2 ~ The incidence of diarrhea and kindergarten children were mostly 86.69% and 10.2% of the total, respectively. The pathogen spectrum was detected every year from 2010 to 2012, while in severe (or death) cases of enterovirus 71 (EV71) Positive detection rate of 75.55% was significantly higher than the monitoring point cases. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Yulin City during 2008 ~ 2012 is in a state of high intensity epidemic. The incidence is obviously seasonal and diathesis. The children with primary care are the main disease groups. The major cause of severe (or dead) HFMD cases is EV71.