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阿克苏垦区位于塔克拉玛干大沙漠北缘。由于紧靠沙漠,气候干燥炎热,蒸发强烈,土壤质地轻,含盐量较高。干旱和土壤盐渍化是这个垦区农业生态的主要特征。它导致了多年来种稻技术沿袭了古老的淹灌法,特别是在含盐量较重的土壤上,常在深水层(15厘米以上)中长期淹灌种稻;有的还使用常流水串灌,因而耗水量十分惊人。据塔里木河上游10个农场的资料,亩耗水量高达2500--3500方以上,相当于8—10亩旱田的用水量。特大的耗水量,不仅限制了水稻的发展,也抬高了地下水位,恶化了土壤,降
Aksu reclamation area is located in Taklamakan Desert north edge. As close to the desert, the climate is hot and dry, strong evaporation, light soil texture, high salinity. Drought and soil salinization are the main features of the agroecology in this reclamation area. It led to years of rice farming technology followed the ancient method of flooding, especially in the heavy salt soil, often in the deep-water layer (15 cm above) in the long-term flooded irrigation of rice; and some also use regular water Sinking, so water consumption is very alarming. According to the information of 10 farms in the upper reaches of the Tarim River, the water consumption per acre is as high as 2500--3500 square meters, equivalent to 8-10 mu of dry land. Extra large water consumption, not only limited the development of rice, but also raise the water table, deteriorating soil, lowering