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目的 对各种影像学检查方法对肾盂和输尿管肿瘤的诊断价值进行分析比较。方法 回顾近 2 a经影像学检查诊断的 4 0例肾盂和输尿管肿瘤 ,分析其 X线表现及各例患者的诊断过程 ,评价各种影像学检查方法对肾盂和输尿管肿瘤的诊断价值。结果 可行肾盂和输尿管肿瘤诊断的影像学检查方法包括超声、静脉肾盂造影、逆行输尿管肾盂造影、CT和核磁共振 (MRI)检查。 4 0例均行超声检查 ,超声对肿瘤引起梗阻所致的尿路积水敏感度最高 ,而对肿瘤的发现率较低 ;同时 4 0例均行静脉肾盂造影 ,该检查可显示各患者肾功能情况 ,但因部分患者肾功能不全 ,而致检查过程中尿路不显影 ,不能显示肿瘤 ,影响对肾盂和输尿管肿瘤的诊断 ;2 8例行逆行肾盂造影 ,尿路显像率高 ,且定位准确 ,肿瘤发现率高 ;2 4例行 CT检查 ,定位率较低 ,但在其他检查基础上可明显提高肿瘤发现率 ;8例行 MRI水成像检查。结论 通过对以上病例分析 ,认为在肾盂和输尿管肿瘤的诊断过程中 ,超声可行初步筛选检查 ,静脉肾盂造影为常规检查方法 ,逆行肾盂造影是有效的首选检查方法 ,根据患者情况可选择性进行性 CT和 MRI检查。
Objective To analyze and compare the diagnostic value of various imaging methods for renal pelvis and ureter tumors. Methods 40 cases of renal pelvis and ureter tumors diagnosed by imaging examination in recent 2 years were reviewed. The X - ray findings and the diagnosis of each patient were analyzed. The diagnostic value of various imaging methods for renal pelvis and ureter was evaluated. Results Imaging and diagnostic methods for the diagnosis of renal pelvis and ureter tumors include ultrasound, intravenous pyelography, retrograde ureteroscopy, CT, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 40 patients underwent ultrasound examination, ultrasound caused by tumor-induced urinary tract waterlogging the highest sensitivity, while the tumor was found in a lower rate; the same time, 40 cases were performed intravenous pyelography, the examination can show that each patient’s kidney Function, but due to renal insufficiency in some patients, the urinary tract is not developed during the examination, can not show the tumor, affecting the diagnosis of renal pelvis and ureter tumors; 28 retrograde pyelography retrograde pyelography, urinary imaging rate and Positioning accuracy, high tumor detection rate; 24 routine CT examination, the positioning rate is low, but on the basis of other tests can significantly improve the tumor detection rate; 8 cases of MRI examination. Conclusion Through the analysis of the above cases, that in the diagnosis of renal pelvis and ureteral tumors, ultrasound feasible preliminary screening test, intravenous pyelography as a routine examination, retrograde pyelography is the effective first choice of examination, according to the patient’s condition can be selectively progressive CT and MRI examination.