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选取石羊河流域下游民勤10种典型荒漠植物进行地面反射光谱测定,通过分析荒漠植物光谱特征、红边参数及对比荒漠植物与农作物光谱数据,提取荒漠植物识别的波段和所需波段光谱分辨率。结果表明:1)10种荒漠植物具有相似的光谱曲线形状,但是不同荒漠植物种由于叶子的组织结构、色素含量和含水量不同,使得反射率大小又具有各自的特点;5个波段区间光谱曲线差异显著,用于识别荒漠植物。2)荒漠植物红边位置都靠近长波方向;沙蒿的红边幅值最大,锦鸡儿最小;沙拐枣的红边面积最大,泡泡刺最小。3)荒漠植物光谱反射特征在680nm、970nm、1450nm和2190nm附近与农作物有较大差异,光谱分辨率在可见光和近红外波段需要30nm或更窄,在中红外波段需要50nm或更窄。
Ten typical desert plants in Minqin downstream of Shiyanghe River Basin were selected for surface reflectance spectroscopy. By analyzing the spectral characteristics of desert plants, red edge parameters and comparison of spectral data of desert plants and crops, the spectral bands of identified desert plants and the required spectral bands were distinguished rate. The results showed that: 1) The 10 desert plants had similar spectral curve shape, but different desert plant species had their own characteristics due to the difference of leaf structure, pigment content and water content. The spectral curve of 5 bands Significant difference, used to identify desert plants. 2) The position of red edge of desert plants is close to the long-wave direction; the red edge of Artemisia sphaerocephala has the largest amplitude and the smallest Caragana microphylla; 3) Spectral reflectance characteristics of desert plants are quite different from crops at 680nm, 970nm, 1450nm and 2190nm. Spectral resolution needs to be 30nm or narrower in the visible and near-infrared bands and 50nm or narrower in the mid-infrared bands.