论文部分内容阅读
引言作物产量的提高与品质的改良有赖于丰富的遗传变异。本世纪以来沿用的杂交育种方法,即所谓“常规育种”,在生产上确实发挥了作用,但由于常规育种一般只能把两个亲本的优良基因集中在一起,遗传基础较窄,而复合杂交又容易丢失初级亲本的优良基因,不容易得到更多的基因重组,遗传变异受到限制,因而在现有水平上要前进一步就有许多困难。虽然人们试图利用 F_1杂种优势(包括小麦 T 型三系和化学杀雄),但在世界范围内,经过20年的工作,至今还没有得到预期的效果。六十年代以来,博劳格(N.E.Borlaug)和威布(G.A.Wiebe)都曾强调核不育育种,但所有材料都是受隐
Introduction Crop yield improvement and quality improvement depend on a wealth of genetic variation. The hybrid breeding method used since the turn of the century, the so-called “conventional breeding”, has indeed played a role in production. However, conventional breeding can only concentrate the fine genes of two parents together with a narrow genetic basis, while the hybridization It is easy to lose the good genes of the primary parents, and it is not easy to get more genetic recombination and the genetic variation is limited. Therefore, there are many difficulties to go one step further on the current level. Although people are trying to take advantage of F_1 heterosis, including wheat T-type and chemical killing, in the world, after 20 years of work, so far have not achieved the desired results. Since the 1960s, both N.E. Borlaug and G.A. Wiebe emphasized nuclear fertility breeding, but all materials are subject to implicit