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一、规律(一)“三角形”规律:元素A、B、C在周期表中有如下图所示的位置,则它们的结构、性质具有以下大小关系:⑴原子序数:C>B>A A B⑵原子半径:C>A>B⑶元素金属性:C>A>B⑷元素非金属性:B>A>C C(二)相似规律:1.同族元素性质相似;2.对角线(左上角和右上角)元素性质相似;3.相邻元素性质相似;4.同位素化学性质相似。(三)“阴上阳下”规律:具有相同电子层结构的离子,阴离子元素在阳离子元素的上一周期。
First, the law (A) “triangle ” law: elements A, B, C in the periodic table has the following location shown in the figure, then their structure and properties have the following size relationship: ⑴ atomic number: C> B> AA B ⑵ atomic radius: C> A> B⑶ elemental metal: C> A> B ⑷ element nonmetallic: B> A> CC similar law: 1. similar elements of the same nature; And the upper right corner) elements of similar nature; 3. The adjacent elements of similar nature; 4. Isotopes of similar chemical properties. (C) “yin-yang-yang-yang ” law: ions with the same electron-layer structure, the anion element in the last cycle of the cation element.