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1 前言在地层中处理高能级放射性废弃物的时候,其影响不及在人类环境中那样,所以对放射性核素进行长期隔离是必要的。一般的处理方法可以考虑在地下数百米以下的地层中,由废弃物凝固体、密封混凝土罐、缓冲材料、回填材料等人工屏障和自然地层本身天然屏障组合而成的多重屏障系统进行隔离。放射性核素在天然屏障中的迁移机理,可以认为是通过岩石中大的龟裂的地下水流。另一方面,核素通过岩石中孔隙和微小龟裂的扩散现象是作为核素随地下水流缓慢迁移的原因
1 Introduction When dealing with high-level radioactive waste in the formation, its impact is less than that in the human environment, so long-term isolation of radionuclides is necessary. The general treatment method can be considered in the ground below several hundred meters in the ground, from the waste solidified body, sealed concrete tanks, buffer materials, backfill materials and other artificial barriers and the natural formation itself natural barrier combined multiple barrier system to isolate. The migration mechanism of radionuclides in natural barriers can be considered as a large cracked groundwater flow through rocks. On the other hand, the diffusion of nuclide through the pores and microcracks in rocks is the reason for the slow migration of nuclide with groundwater flow.