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从生产的实际出发将顶煤按冒放性不同分为五类，详细分析了难冒放顶煤的预爆破弱化和预注水软化的预处理方法及应用效果。
Based on the actual production, the top coal is divided into five categories according to the different types of caving. The pre-blasting weakening and pre-injection softening pre-treatment methods and application effects are analyzed in detail.