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研究了以碘化钾为络合剂,正丙醇-水体系析相萃取分离和富集铋的行为及与一些金属离子分离的条件。试验结果表明,氯化钠能使正丙醇的水溶液分成两相,在分相过程中,Bi(Ⅲ)与碘化钾生成的BiI_4~-与质子化正丙醇(C_3H_7OH_2~+)形成的缔合物[BiI_4~-][C_3H_7OH_2~+]能被正丙醇相完全萃取。当正丙醇、碘化钾和氯化钠的浓度分别为30%(V/V)、6.0×10~(-3)mol·L~(-1)、0.20g·mL~(-1),pH为2时,Bi(Ⅲ)的萃取率达到99.2%以上,V(Ⅴ),W(Ⅵ)和U(Ⅵ)基本不被萃取,实现了Bi(Ⅲ)与上述金属离子的分离,对合成水样中Bi(Ⅲ)进行分离和测定,结果令人满意。
The separation and enrichment of bismuth with potassium iodide as complexing agent and n-propanol-water system were studied. The conditions of separation from some metal ions were studied. The experimental results show that sodium chloride can separate the n-propanol aqueous solution into two phases. During the phase separation, the association of BiI_4 ~ - with protonated n-propanol (C_3H_7OH_2 ~ +) by Bi (Ⅲ) and potassium iodide [BiI_4 ~ -] [C_3H_7OH_2 ~ +] can be completely extracted n-propanol phase. When the concentrations of n-propanol, potassium iodide and sodium chloride were 30% (V / V), 6.0 × 10 -3 mol·L -1, 0.20 g · mL -1 (2), the extraction rate of Bi (Ⅲ) was above 99.2%, V (Ⅴ), W (Ⅵ) and U (Ⅵ) were not extracted, and the separation of Bi (Ⅲ) from the above metal ions was achieved. Bi (Ⅲ) in water samples were separated and determined with satisfactory results.