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目的了解青岛市某高校肺结核患者密切接触者的心理状态,探讨心理干预对缓解他们焦虑状态的作用。方法将与肺结核患者密切接触的47名大学生随机分为对照组和观察组,行结核菌素试验(purified protein derivative,PPD)和拍胸片(chest X-ray,CR),在心理干预前和干预1周后分别填写焦虑自评量表(SAS)并对其进行评分。结果 PPD试验强阳性率为19%,CR检查结果显示肺结核患者0例,对照组和观察组学生心理干预前SAS分值都高于国内正常人,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),心理干预1周后,观察组SAS分值低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与肺结核患者密切接触的大学生存在明显焦虑心理,心理干预对缓解这种焦虑有积极作用。
Objective To understand the psychological status of close contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in a university in Qingdao and to explore the role of psychological intervention in relieving their anxiety state. Methods Forty-seven college students who were in close contact with patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were randomly divided into control group and observation group. Patients underwent PPD and chest X-ray (CR) One week after the intervention, the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) was respectively filled in and scored. Results The positive rate of PPD test was 19%. CR test showed that tuberculosis patients were 0 cases. The scores of SAS before and after psychological intervention in control group and observation group were all higher than those in normal people (P <0.05) One week after the intervention, SAS scores of the observation group were lower than those before the intervention, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), and lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions There is obvious anxiety in college students who have close contact with pulmonary tuberculosis. Psychological intervention plays a positive role in alleviating this anxiety.