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小儿麻痹症和日本脑炎患者在发病具有季节性上是相同的。但在病原体病毒怎样散布到自然界,如何感染人(感染途径)方面,两者则采取完全不同的方式。包括病毒病在内的感染症是否存在人群流行的决定因素里,除考虑病原体、宿主外,同时必须考虑环境。在环境因素主要左右疾病流行的机制中,环境对病原体本身的影响,例如气温和湿度对自然界病原体安定性影响的结果,产生了自然界病原体浓度的变化。环境给宿主的影响,例如
Patients with poliomyelitis and Japanese encephalitis have a seasonal pattern of onset. However, the two take a very different approach to how pathogens spread to nature and how they infect people (the route of infection). In the determinants of the prevalence of infectious diseases, including viral diseases, the environment must be taken into consideration in addition to considering pathogens and hosts. In the mechanism of the prevalence of environmental diseases, the effects of the environment on the pathogens themselves, such as the effects of temperature and humidity on the stability of pathogens in nature, lead to changes in the concentration of pathogens in nature. The impact of the environment on the host, for example