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[目的]了解寿光市商店、超市内的卫生状况,探讨卫生监督管理新办法。[方法]2008年7~8月对寿光市从事商品销售的商店和从事多种经营的超市各20家的空气微小气候(温度、湿度、风速)、二氧化碳(CO2)、一氧化碳(CO)、甲醛(HCHO)、可吸入颗粒物(IP)、空气细菌总数(BT)8项指标进行测定。[结果]40家商店和超市机械通风设施均齐全,商店所检测项目均符合国家标准;超市的快餐区、农贸区、销售区CO2、CO、HCHOI、P、BT浓度差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);空气微小气候,每天营业前各污染物浓度及上午、下午、晚上不同营业时间CO2、CO、HCHO浓度均未超过国家标准,而IP、BT在各营业时间都有超过国家标准现象,CO2、BT、IP的上午与下午差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。空气质量商店与超市比较IP、BT、CO2浓度差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而CO、HCHO均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]商店的卫生状况较好,而超市营业时间内有污染物超过国家标准。
[Objective] To understand the health status of Shouguang shops and supermarkets and to explore new methods of health supervision and management. [Methods] From July to August in 2008, the air microclimate (temperature, humidity, wind speed), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and formaldehyde in 20 stores in Shouguang, (HCHO), inhalable particles (IP), total number of airborne bacteria (BT) eight indicators were measured. [Result] The mechanical ventilation facilities of 40 stores and supermarkets were all complete. All the items tested in shops met the national standards. There was no significant difference in the concentrations of CO2, CO, HCHOI, P and BT in the fast food, P> 0.05). The air microclimate, the concentrations of pollutants before operation and CO2, CO and HCHO concentrations in different business hours in the morning, afternoon and evening did not exceed the national standards, while IP and BT exceeded the national standards in all business hours Phenomenon, CO2, BT, IP morning and afternoon differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). There were significant differences in IP, BT and CO2 concentrations between air quality stores and supermarkets (P <0.05), but not between CO and HCHO (P> 0.05). [Conclusion] The hygienic condition of the store is better, while the pollutants in the supermarket operating hours exceed the national standard.