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新中国成立之初,经过短暂几年的探索,开始对全国的不可移动文物实行“文物保护单位”式的管理制度,这一制度的推行绝非空穴来风,也不是闭门造车,而是有着多种的背景与基础,这其中,中国文物的固有特色是至关重要的决定因素。平面布局的集群性、内部功能的多样性、主次等级的差异性、相互之间的和谐性,即是中国不可移动文物的鲜明特征,并与西方有着显著的差异,由此构成了施行至今的文物管理“单位”制度的根本依据。笔者特据此进行系列考察和探讨。
After the founding of new China, after a brief period of exploration, the system of “heritage conservation unit” management of non-movable cultural relics in the country began to be implemented. The implementation of this system is by no means groundless, The background and foundation of species, of which, the inherent characteristics of Chinese artefacts are crucial determinants. The clustering of planar layout, the diversity of internal functions, the difference of primary and secondary levels, and the harmony between each other are the distinctive features of China’s immovable cultural relics and have significant differences from the western ones, Cultural heritage management “unit ” system of the fundamental basis. Based on this author conducted a series of investigations and discussions.