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本文提出了一种基于分簇结构的无线传感器网络MAC协议。在基于层次式路由协议的分簇网络结构中,通过综合基于竞争和基于时分复用协议的优缺点,将时间划分为交替的随机访问和调度访问两个阶段,在随机访问阶段簇内节点采用CSMA/CA实现无线信道共享。在调度访问阶段,节点根据簇首分配的时隙实现数据无冲突通信。在簇与簇之间采用FDMA避免信道干扰实现网络的扩展。分析和仿真结果表明本协议在能量效率、时间同步和网络扩展上都有所改进。
In this paper, we propose a MAC protocol based on clustering in wireless sensor networks. In the hierarchical routing protocol-based clustering network architecture, the time is divided into two stages of alternating random access and scheduled access by combining the advantages and disadvantages of contention-based and time-based multiplexing protocols. In the random access phase, CSMA / CA to achieve wireless channel sharing. In the scheduling access phase, nodes implement data collision-free communication according to the timeslots allocated by the cluster head. FDMA is used between clusters to avoid channel interference and achieve network expansion. Analysis and simulation results show that this protocol has some improvements in energy efficiency, time synchronization and network expansion.