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采用自制六槽电渗析(ED)装置,考察了不同电流密度下原油乳化液(O/W)对均相和异相阴离子交换膜的污染情况。测定了电渗析过程中阴膜的V-t曲线,分析了污染后两种阴膜的性能指标变化。I-V曲线测定结果表明,均相阴膜的极限电流密度高于异相阴膜;电渗析过程中两种阴膜的V-t曲线均呈现先快速上升后平稳上升或达到平衡的趋势,且均相阴膜的跨膜电压上升更快,更易达到平衡;污染试验结束后,两种阴膜的电阻均比原膜显著增加,且随电流密度的提高而增大。两种阴膜的交换容量相比原膜均没有明显改变。均相和异相阴膜淡水侧的接触角均明显增大,且异相阴膜的变化更显著,而浓水侧的接触角变化均没有淡水侧明显;红外光谱分析表明,污染后的均相和异相阴膜的浓淡两侧均出现了原油和表面活性剂的特征吸收峰,证实了原油乳化液对两种阴膜的污染。
The self-made six-cell electrodialysis (ED) device was used to investigate the contamination of homogeneous and heterogeneous anion exchange membranes with crude oil emulsions (O / W) at different current densities. The V-t curve of the anterior membrane during electrodialysis was measured, and the changes of the performance indexes of the two kinds of membrane were analyzed. The results of IV curve showed that the limiting current density of homogeneous phase was higher than that of heterogeneous phase. The Vt curves of both types of membrane during the electrodialysis tended to rise rapidly or reach equilibrium at first, Membrane transmembrane voltage rise faster and easier to reach equilibrium; after the end of the pollution test, the resistance of the two kinds of membrane were significantly increased compared with the original membrane, and with the current density increases. Exchange capacity of the two types of membrane compared to the original membrane did not change significantly. The contact angle of the freshwater side of both the homogeneous and the heterogeneous membranes was significantly increased, and the change of the heterogeneous membrane was more significant, while the changes of the contact angle on the concentrated water side were not obvious on the freshwater side. Infrared spectroscopy analysis showed that the average The characteristic absorption peaks of crude oil and surfactant appeared on both sides of the shades of the phase and heterogeneous anions, confirming the contamination of the two types of membranes by the crude oil emulsion.