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我国自20世纪80年代初以来,随着农村合作医疗失灵,农民缺乏稳定可靠的医疗保障体制,农村医疗问题日趋严重。中国政府20世纪90年代重建农村合作医疗,在21世纪初又提出了新型农村合作医疗政策。本文在回顾中国农村合作医疗政策与农村医疗问题演变过程的基础上,对新型农村合作医疗政策的特性及其发展过程中面临的主要问题与困境进行了重点分析,提出了明确政府的主导作用,完善新型农村合作医疗制度,在此基础上逐渐建立城乡统一的医疗保障体系的建议。
Since the early 1980s in our country, with the failure of rural cooperative medical care and the lack of a stable and reliable medical security system for peasants, the rural medical problems have become increasingly serious. The Chinese government rebuilt rural cooperative medical care in the 1990s and proposed a new type of rural cooperative medical policy in the early 21st century. On the basis of reviewing the evolution of China’s rural cooperative medical policy and rural medical problems, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the new rural cooperative medical policy and the main problems and dilemmas it faces in the process of its development. It puts forward that the government should play a leading role, Improve the new rural cooperative medical system, on the basis of which a unified urban-rural medical security system will be gradually established.