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大型真菌资源的标本干制,通常是在烘箱内烘干完成,色泽往往难以保持不变或接近不变,影响性状鉴别。为了获得较理想的标本,笔者试用标本夹、电冰箱、电热烘箱进行干制,取得了较好效果。现报告如下。(一)供试材料①工具:自动化霜双门电冰箱,电热恒温烘烤箱,植物标本夹和干草纸等。②实验用菌类有鸡油菌、沼泽红菇、羊肚菌、牛肝菌类和蜡伞等,均于5～6月野外林地采得,平菇为栽培所得。(二)制作方法①标本夹压制脱水法:将菌放入标本夹的草纸中,压制脱水干燥;或将采得的羊肚菌在室内采集孢子印后,于太阳下晒半天或在电炉上烤一下,使羊肚菌组织软化,然后放于标本夹的草纸中用绳索捆压,严格掌握1～2天内换纸1次,经一周后可得干制的羊肚菌。②电冰箱干制法:将清理后的多种菌类直接放入电冰箱下层的冷藏室层架上即可。把电冰箱的调温旋扭调到“强”的档次上(但不冻结),一般经7～10天后即可得冷干制的标本。③电热恒温箱干制法:把部分的菌类清理后放于箱内层架上,把温度调节控制在40℃左右,经3天后就可得烘干的标本。
Large-scale fungal resources, specimens dry, usually dried in an oven to complete the color is often difficult to maintain or close to change, affecting the identification of traits. In order to obtain a better specimen, the author tried specimen clamp, refrigerator, electric oven for drying, and achieved good results. The report is as follows. (A) test materials ① tools: automatic frost double door refrigerator, electric oven thermostat, plant specimens folder and hay paper. ② experimental bacteria with chanterelles, marsh Russula, Morchella, Boletus and wax umbrella and so on, were collected in May to June wild woodland, mushroom cultivation income. (B) the production method ① sample folder compression dehydration method: the bacteria into the specimen folder of the grass paper, pressed dehydration drying; or obtained morel in the indoor collection of spores printed in the sun for a long time or on the electric furnace Baking, Morchella tissue softening, and then placed in the specimen folder of grass paper tied with a rope, strictly control 1 to 2 days to change the paper 1, after a week can be made of dried morel. ② refrigerator dry method: a variety of fungi after cleaning directly into the refrigerator shelf below the shelf can be. The temperature control knob to the refrigerator “strong” grade (but not frozen), usually after 7 to 10 days can be cold-dried specimens. ③ electric incubator dry method: put some of the fungus clean-up put in the shelf within the shelf, the temperature control at about 40 ℃, after 3 days can be dried specimens.