论文部分内容阅读
该文更新并取代ＣＤＣ以前出版的预防医院内肺炎感染的准则（Ｉｎｆｅｃｔｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ１９８２；３∶３２７－３３，ＲｅｓｐｉｒＣａｒｅ１９８３；２８∶２２１－３２，和ＡｍＪＩｎｆｅｃｔＣｏｎｔｒｏｌ１９８３；１１∶２３０－４４）。这个修订的准则试图要降低医院内感染肺炎的发病率，并为在急性病管理的医院里负责感染控制和监测的人员所使用；这个材料可能不适用于长期住院的医疗机构。这个修订的准则陈述了在美国医院控制感染的医生预防和控制医院内肺炎时所常遇到的问题。在关于机械地通气和／或危重的病人中预防细菌性肺炎，呼吸疗法器械的管理，预防交叉感染和预防病毒性下呼吸道感染（例如：呼吸道合胞体病毒（ＲＳＶ）和流感感染）等部分进行了扩充和更新。新的部分包括了，关于军团菌病和曲霉菌属（Ａｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｕｓ）引起的肺炎。该文件中没有陈述结核分枝杆菌引起的下呼吸道感染，第一部分，“１９９４年预防医院内肺炎总览”给第二部分中的医院内感染控制实践咨询委员会（ＨＩＣＰＡＣ）提出的一致建议，“预防医院内肺炎的建议”提供了背景资料。
This article updates and replaces the previously published CDC Guidelines for the Prevention of Nosocomial Pneumonia Infections (Infectcontrol 1982; 3:327-33, RespirCare 1983; 28: 221-32; and AmJ Infect Control 1983; 11:230-44). This revised guideline seeks to reduce the incidence of pneumonia in hospitals and to be used by those responsible for infection control and monitoring in hospitals where acute illness is managed; this material may not be suitable for long-term hospital care. This revised guideline outlines the problems that doctors often face when trying to prevent and control pneumonia in hospitals controlled by hospitals in the United States. Prevention of bacterial pneumonia, management of respiratory therapy apparatus, prevention of cross-infection and prevention of viral lower respiratory tract infections (eg, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza infection) in patients with mechanically ventilated and / or critically ill patients Expanded and updated. The new section includes, about Legionella and Aspergilus-induced pneumonia. This document does not state the lower respiratory tract infection caused by M. tuberculosis. Part I, “Overview of the Pneumonia Prevention in Hospitals 1994” gives a consensus to the HICPAC in Part II, “Prevention Advice on pneumonia in hospitals ”provided background information.