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气候变化是当前全球关心的一个热点,既牵涉到经济社会问题,也牵涉到哲学伦理问题。哲学家与经济学家应当互相学习。哲学家既要从经济学家那里借鉴“成本—收益分析”之类的理论方法用以构建气候变化的伦理学,同时也应当通过影响在气候变化问题中扮演重要角色的经济学家来对气候变化问题发言。而在应对气候变化进行“成本—收益分析”时,经济学家应当意识到,要决定正确的贴现率离不开伦理考量。面对科学的不确定性,人们应当考虑到最坏的可能,即使那个可能非常之小。气候变化给人类带来许多灾难,其中一个严重后果是人口锐减甚至人类灭绝,如何对生命失去以及未能出生作出估价,也是伦理学家需要认真思考的问题。中国古代的哲学理念和智慧,或许能给当代人类应对气候变化提供有益的启迪。
Climate change is currently a hot topic of global concern, involving both economic and social issues as well as philosophical and ethical issues. Philosophers and economists should learn from each other. Philosophers should borrow from economists theoretical methods such as “cost-benefit analysis” to build the ethics of climate change and at the same time, they should work through economists who have an important role on climate change issues Speaking on climate change. When dealing with climate change for “cost-benefit analysis,” economists should realize that it is inseparable from ethical considerations in deciding the correct discount rate. Faced with the uncertainty of science, one should consider the worst possible, even if that may be very small. Climate change has brought many human catastrophes. One of the serious consequences is the drastic reduction of population or even the extinction of human beings. How to estimate the loss of life and not be born is also an issue that ethics need to think seriously. Ancient Chinese philosophies and wisdom may provide useful inspiration to contemporary mankind in combating climate change.