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本文对碳材料(主要是碳纳米管)催化硝基苯的还原反应进行了系统研究.通过热重分析、程序升温脱附、透射电子显微镜、物理吸附以及拉曼光谱等表征, 发现碳材料表面的含氧官能团在反应中起着重要的作用, 而比表面、孔结构、形貌、结构缺陷以及可能存在的铁杂质对反应没有显著影响.羰基的作用非常重要, 但是羧基和酸酐对反应不利.除此之外, 材料的π电子体系也很关键, 因为它可以传递电子, 并且利于硝基苯的吸附.硝基苯还原按照直接路径进行, 反应过程中生成的中间体亚硝基苯可以迅速转化为苯胺.
In this paper, the reduction of nitrobenzene catalyzed by carbon materials (mainly carbon nanotubes) has been studied systematically.The results of thermogravimetric analysis, temperature programmed desorption, transmission electron microscopy, physical adsorption and Raman spectroscopy showed that the surface of carbon material Of the oxygen-containing functional groups play an important role in the reaction, and the specific surface, pore structure, morphology, structural defects and possible iron impurities have no significant effect on the reaction.Carbonyl role is very important, but the carboxyl and anhydride adverse reaction In addition, the π electron system of the material is also crucial because it can transport electrons and facilitate the adsorption of nitrobenzene.The reduction of nitrobenzene proceeds according to the direct route, and the intermediate nitrosobenzene generated during the reaction can Rapid conversion to aniline.