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英语中的连词是一种虚词,虽然很虚,但是功能用起来却是巨大无比的。针对中考,我们应主要掌握并列连词and, but, or, so等的主要用法以及常用的从属连词的基本用法 ( when, after, because, as soon as...)。
一、表示并列关系的并列连词
and, both...and, neither...nor, either... or,not only...but also, as well as
1.and
和,并且,连接对等的词句。(在否定句中要用or连接。)
I like physics and chemistry. 我喜欢物理和化学。
I don’t like physics or chemistry. 我不喜欢物理和化学。
2.both...and “……和……都”
Both Jim and Mary went to the cinema yesterday.
昨天吉姆和玛丽都去看电影了。
Exercise is good both for body and for mind. 运动有益于身心。
3.neither...nor 两者皆不
He neither smokes nor drinks. 他既不抽烟又不喝酒。
I like neither swimming nor skating. 我既不喜欢游泳,又不喜欢溜冰。
4.either... or不是...就是..., 或者...或者....
Either you come to the office now, or wait for me at home.
你要么现在到办公室来,要么就在家等着。
Either he or I will leave. 不是他就是我将要离开。
5.not only...but (also)不但……而且……(also可以省略)
Not only she but also I am wrong.不但她错了,我也错了。
He not only made a promise, but kept it. 他不仅许诺,而且做到了。
6.as well as也,又
We will rescue Henry as well as you. 除了你,我们还要营救亨利。
He likes basketball as well as football. 除了足球,他还喜欢篮球。
二、常用的从属连词
(一)引导时间状语从句的连词:when, while, since, until, after, before, as soon as
1.when当……时
When we got there, the meeting had begun.
我们到时,会议已经开始了。
It was raining when she arrived at the station.
她到达车站时,正在下雨。
2.while正当……时,正在……时。(在while引导的从句中,谓语动词必须是延续性动词,且常常用进行时。)
Don’t make any noise while others are reading.
别人读书时不要制造噪音。
She sang while she was walking. 她边走边唱。
3.since自从
It’s just a month since we arrived here.
我们到这儿刚好一月了。
My mother has been ill since I left home.
自从我离开家我妈妈就一直生病。
4.until直到……为止
Until you told me, I knew nothing at all about it.
在你告诉我之前,我对此一无所知。
He didn’t appear until the meeting had begun.
直到会议开始他才露面。
5.before在……之前; after在……之后
I’ll phone you after I arrive.
我到达之后给你打电话。
Say goodbye before you go.你走之前要说再见。
6.as soon as一……就
I’ll visit you as soon as I come back.
我一回来就去拜访你。
Please tell him as soon as you see him.
你一看见他就请告诉他。
(二)引导原因状语从句的连词:because, since, as, for, now that
1.because因为 (because与so不能并用。)
I can’t believe in him because he isn’t honest.
我不能信任他,因为他不诚实。
She didn’t come because she didn’t know it.
她没有来,因为她不知道。
2.since既然
Since he says so, it must be true.
既然他这么说,那一定是真的。
Since you ask, I will tell you.
你既然问,我就告诉你。
3.as因为,由于
As we are hungry, let’s have supper.
由于大家饿了,我们就吃晚饭吧。
Mother began to worry about my brother as it was getting dark.
由于天越来越黑,妈妈开始为哥哥着急。
4.for因为
We can’t go for it is raining.
我们不能走,因为正在下雨。
I enjoyed myself at the party for I knew all the guests well.
我在晚会上玩得很尽兴,因为所有人我都很熟悉。
5.now that既然
Now that he is unhappy, let’s leave him alone.
既然他不高兴,我们就让他自己待着吧。
Now that she feels sorry, please forgive her.
既然她很后悔,就请原谅她吧。
(三)引导结果状语从句的连词:so...that, such...that
1.so...that 如此……以致
She is so tired that he can’t go any further.
她太累了,不能再走了。
She is so big a cat that she can’t get into the hole.
这猫太大了,钻不进这洞。
2.such...that 如此……以致
It’s such a beautiful place that I wouldn’t come back.这地方太美了,令我流连忘返。
It’s such a fine day that many people go to the park for fun.
天气这么好,许多人都到公园里来玩。
(四)引导目的状语从句的连词:so that, in order that以便
They hurried so that they can get there on time.
他们加快了速度,为的是能够按时到达。
I hired a boat in order that I can go fishing.
为了去钓鱼,我租了条小船。
(五)引导比较状语从句的连词:than, as...as
He is taller than his brother. 他比他兄弟高。
She could draw as well as her teacher.
她能画得跟她的老师一样好。
(六)引导让步状语从句的连词:though, although。 (though与although的用法基本一样)
Although it rained hard, he still went out.
尽管雨下得很大,他还是出去了。
Even though I have enough time, I don’t want to go there with him.
尽管我有时间,可我并不想跟他去那儿。
一、表示并列关系的并列连词
and, both...and, neither...nor, either... or,not only...but also, as well as
1.and
和,并且,连接对等的词句。(在否定句中要用or连接。)
I like physics and chemistry. 我喜欢物理和化学。
I don’t like physics or chemistry. 我不喜欢物理和化学。
2.both...and “……和……都”
Both Jim and Mary went to the cinema yesterday.
昨天吉姆和玛丽都去看电影了。
Exercise is good both for body and for mind. 运动有益于身心。
3.neither...nor 两者皆不
He neither smokes nor drinks. 他既不抽烟又不喝酒。
I like neither swimming nor skating. 我既不喜欢游泳,又不喜欢溜冰。
4.either... or不是...就是..., 或者...或者....
Either you come to the office now, or wait for me at home.
你要么现在到办公室来,要么就在家等着。
Either he or I will leave. 不是他就是我将要离开。
5.not only...but (also)不但……而且……(also可以省略)
Not only she but also I am wrong.不但她错了,我也错了。
He not only made a promise, but kept it. 他不仅许诺,而且做到了。
6.as well as也,又
We will rescue Henry as well as you. 除了你,我们还要营救亨利。
He likes basketball as well as football. 除了足球,他还喜欢篮球。
二、常用的从属连词
(一)引导时间状语从句的连词:when, while, since, until, after, before, as soon as
1.when当……时
When we got there, the meeting had begun.
我们到时,会议已经开始了。
It was raining when she arrived at the station.
她到达车站时,正在下雨。
2.while正当……时,正在……时。(在while引导的从句中,谓语动词必须是延续性动词,且常常用进行时。)
Don’t make any noise while others are reading.
别人读书时不要制造噪音。
She sang while she was walking. 她边走边唱。
3.since自从
It’s just a month since we arrived here.
我们到这儿刚好一月了。
My mother has been ill since I left home.
自从我离开家我妈妈就一直生病。
4.until直到……为止
Until you told me, I knew nothing at all about it.
在你告诉我之前,我对此一无所知。
He didn’t appear until the meeting had begun.
直到会议开始他才露面。
5.before在……之前; after在……之后
I’ll phone you after I arrive.
我到达之后给你打电话。
Say goodbye before you go.你走之前要说再见。
6.as soon as一……就
I’ll visit you as soon as I come back.
我一回来就去拜访你。
Please tell him as soon as you see him.
你一看见他就请告诉他。
(二)引导原因状语从句的连词:because, since, as, for, now that
1.because因为 (because与so不能并用。)
I can’t believe in him because he isn’t honest.
我不能信任他,因为他不诚实。
She didn’t come because she didn’t know it.
她没有来,因为她不知道。
2.since既然
Since he says so, it must be true.
既然他这么说,那一定是真的。
Since you ask, I will tell you.
你既然问,我就告诉你。
3.as因为,由于
As we are hungry, let’s have supper.
由于大家饿了,我们就吃晚饭吧。
Mother began to worry about my brother as it was getting dark.
由于天越来越黑,妈妈开始为哥哥着急。
4.for因为
We can’t go for it is raining.
我们不能走,因为正在下雨。
I enjoyed myself at the party for I knew all the guests well.
我在晚会上玩得很尽兴,因为所有人我都很熟悉。
5.now that既然
Now that he is unhappy, let’s leave him alone.
既然他不高兴,我们就让他自己待着吧。
Now that she feels sorry, please forgive her.
既然她很后悔,就请原谅她吧。
(三)引导结果状语从句的连词:so...that, such...that
1.so...that 如此……以致
She is so tired that he can’t go any further.
她太累了,不能再走了。
She is so big a cat that she can’t get into the hole.
这猫太大了,钻不进这洞。
2.such...that 如此……以致
It’s such a beautiful place that I wouldn’t come back.这地方太美了,令我流连忘返。
It’s such a fine day that many people go to the park for fun.
天气这么好,许多人都到公园里来玩。
(四)引导目的状语从句的连词:so that, in order that以便
They hurried so that they can get there on time.
他们加快了速度,为的是能够按时到达。
I hired a boat in order that I can go fishing.
为了去钓鱼,我租了条小船。
(五)引导比较状语从句的连词:than, as...as
He is taller than his brother. 他比他兄弟高。
She could draw as well as her teacher.
她能画得跟她的老师一样好。
(六)引导让步状语从句的连词:though, although。 (though与although的用法基本一样)
Although it rained hard, he still went out.
尽管雨下得很大,他还是出去了。
Even though I have enough time, I don’t want to go there with him.
尽管我有时间,可我并不想跟他去那儿。