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采用滤纸培养皿法,研究了五种油菜和七种小麦残茎根对直播稻田主要杂草千金子、稗草和鳢肠的化感抑草作用,并采用模拟大田环境的盆钵法对抑草作用较强的品种进行验证试验和对下茬水稻的安全性进行评估。结果显示:史力丰和汇油50两个油菜品种的水提取液对三种杂草均表现出较好的抑制作用,尤其对千金子的萌发抑制作用较强,抑制率分别为65.33%和55.33%,对杂草的幼根也具有十分明显的抑制作用,化感指数RI值分别达到-0.82和-0.85;不同浓度的史力丰残茎根的水提取液对杂草表现出低浓度促进、高浓度抑制的现象;模拟大田试验中,史力丰的残茎根在25kg/m3的混土用量下能很好地抑制千金子、稗草和鳢肠生长,RI值分别可达-0.91、-0.64和-0.67,且对水稻较安全。研究表明,在田间留一定量的史力丰残茎根进行浅耕混土处理是杂草生态防除的一项有效措施。
The effects of five kinds of rape and seven kinds of wheat remnant stem on the allelopathic weeds of barnyardgrass, barnyardgrass and chuanchang in direct seeding rice fields were studied by using filter paper culture dish method. The grass species with stronger effects were tested and the safety of the next crop of rice was evaluated. The results showed that the aqueous extracts of ShiLifeng and Huiyou 50 showed good inhibitory effect on three weeds, especially on the seed germination, the inhibitory rates were 65.33% and 55.33% , Weedy root also has a very significant inhibitory effect, allelopathic index RI value reached -0.82 and -0.85; different concentrations of Schrefferrius tuberosum root aqueous extract showed a low concentration of weed promotion, high concentration Inhibition of the phenomenon; Simulated field trials, Shi Li Feng residual stem roots in 25kg / m3 mixed soil dosage can well inhibit the growth of stems, barnyardgrass and plovers, RI values were up to -0.91, -0.64 and - 0.67, and safer for rice. Studies have shown that in the field to stay a certain amount of Shi Li Feng residual stems of the soil to deal with shallow soil weeding ecological control is an effective measure.