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小角X射线散射(SAXS)是能够表征多种形态的样品,解析从原子到几百纳米尺度上微结构的一种重要技术手段.蛋白质复合物正是在这一空间尺度范围表现出了丰富的生理活性.近年来基于分子结构药物设计的飞速发展,极大地促进了SAXS在研究蛋白质复合物中的应用.本文简要介绍了SAXS解析结构的原理、仪器设备和数据采集分析方法.围绕蛋白质复合物的两方面研究热点,溶液中的蛋白构象以及蛋白质复合物中的结构和相互作用解析,对SAXS在该领域的研究进展和一般分析方法进行了综述.
Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is an important technique to characterize many morphological samples and to analyze the microstructure from atoms to hundreds of nanometers. It is precisely in this spatial scale that protein complexes exhibit abundant Physiological activity.In recent years, the rapid development of drug design based on molecular structure has greatly promoted the application of SAXS in the study of protein complexes.In this paper, the principle, equipment and data acquisition and analysis methods of SAXS structure are briefly introduced. The two aspects of the research focus, the protein conformation in solution and the structure and interaction analysis of protein complexes, SAXS in the field of research progress and general analysis methods are reviewed.