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砂型铸造机床床身过程中,充型速度控制不当会使铸件表面产生变形和裂纹现象,导致机床床身综合性能下降。采用PLC控制金属液的充型速度,可实现充型速度控制误差的最小化。分析了机床床身砂型铸造的整个工艺流程,给出铸造工艺流程图。构造铸件充型流体计算方程式,给出PLC控制充型速度原理图,通过MATLAB软件对充型速度进行误差仿真。同时,与PI控制仿真结果进行对比和分析。结果表明,采取PLC控制机床床身砂型铸造充型速度,误差较小,充型速度稳定;采取PI控制机床床身砂型铸造充型速度,误差较大,充型速度不稳定。采用PLC控制砂型铸造金属液体充型速度,能够降低充型速度的误差,避免铸件表面应力集中,提高机床床身铸件表面质量。
Sand casting machine tool bed process, filling speed improper control of the casting surface will produce deformation and cracking phenomenon, resulting in a decline in the overall performance of the machine bed. PLC control liquid metal filling speed, filling speed control error can be achieved. The whole process of the machine tool bed sand casting is analyzed and the flow chart of the casting process is given. Construct the calculation formula of filling fluid for casting, and give the principle diagram of filling speed controlled by PLC. The error of filling speed is simulated by MATLAB software. At the same time, compared with the PI control simulation results and analysis. The results show that adopting PLC to control the mold filling speed of the machine tool bed sand casting, the error is small and the filling speed is stable. The filling speed of the mold bed sand casting machine with PI control machine is great, and the filling speed is unstable. PLC control of sand casting metal liquid filling speed, can reduce the filling speed error, to avoid stress concentration on the casting surface, improve the surface quality of the machine bed castings.