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根据20余种化学农药在茶树上降解动态的研究结果,提出了茶园用药安全性指标设计的概念。从农药被喷施在茶树上到随茶汤进入人体整个过程,在影响人体安全的因素中,作者选用了农药的5个物理、化学和生物学参数作为选择农药在茶园中适用性的安全性指标,也可供有针对性地合成农药结构设计时参考。上述5项指标中有4项属农药常用参数。这5项指标是:①在茶树鲜叶上的半衰期;③蒸气压;⑧水中溶解度;④允许每日摄入量(ADI);⑤大白鼠口服急性 LD_(50)。每项指标分为4级,其累计值即为该农药的安全性评价值。累计值低于或等于10属适用品种,11—12属中适品种,大于12不适于茶园应用。作者对40余种农药采用上述方法选择的结果与田间研究划分的结果完全一致。
According to the research results on the degradation of more than 20 kinds of chemical pesticides in tea plant, the concept of safety index design for tea plantation was proposed. From the pesticide being sprayed on the tea tree to enter the body with the tea, the author selected five physical, chemical and biological parameters of pesticides as the safety indicators for selecting the applicability of pesticides in the tea plantations , But also for the targeted synthesis of pesticide structural design reference. Four of the above five indicators are commonly used parameters of pesticides. These five indicators are: ① the half-life of fresh tea leaves; ③ vapor pressure; ⑧ water solubility; ④ allow daily intake (ADI); ⑤ rats acute oral LD_ (50). Each index is divided into four levels, the cumulative value of the pesticide is the safety evaluation value. Cumulative values less than or equal to 10 are suitable varieties, 11-12 are moderate varieties, more than 12 is not suitable for tea plantations. The results of the above method selection of more than 40 kinds of pesticides by the authors are completely consistent with the results of field research.