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温室内的光照,可相对地以其透光率来反映。由于北京冬至晴天居多,且在晴朗的一天中,散射光只占直射光的九分之一左右,故而在此主要分析直射光透率。直射光透率受温室采光面形状、覆盖材料、温室朝向和时间等多因素的影响。为了便于分析问题,而又不失其一般性,本文让温室朝向正南、覆盖材料为玻璃(斜平面上用)或农膜(弧面上用),时间定为冬至中午12点整。这样,就把采光归结为讨论阳光对采光面的入射角问题。下面,我们用温室中柱前的侧断面来进行探讨。
The light in the greenhouse can be relatively reflected by its light transmittance. Since most of the winter solstice in Beijing is sunny and the scattered light is only about one-ninth of the direct light in a clear day, the direct light transmittance is mainly analyzed here. Direct light transmittance by the greenhouse lighting surface shape, covering materials, greenhouse orientation and time and other factors. In order to facilitate the analysis of the problem, without losing its generality, this paper let the greenhouse toward the south, covering the glass material (oblique plane) or plastic sheeting (arc surface), time set at 12 o’clock in the winter solstice. In this way, the lighting comes down to discuss the incident angle of sunlight on the lighting surface. Next, we use the greenhouse in front of the column to discuss the side section.