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整合素作为细胞表面受体、细胞间的黏附分子,对细胞与细胞间、细胞与细胞外基质间的黏附起介导作用。近几十年来,恶性肿瘤甲状腺癌的发病率急速攀升,很大原因是由于恶性肿瘤细胞极易增殖、侵袭和转移,而这种特性与细胞表面黏附分子整合素有密切的关系。有研究发现,整合素α3β1、α6β1、αvβ3等通过与细胞间黏附分子1(ICAM-1)、血管细胞黏附分子1(VCAM-1)、血小板反应蛋白(thrombospondin,TSP)和细胞外基质胶原(collagen,CO)、层黏连蛋白(laminin,LN)、纤连蛋白(fibronectin,FN)等配体结合,激活FAK-Ras-Raf或磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)-Akt-m TOR等信号转导通路,调控甲状腺癌细胞的生长、繁殖、侵袭和转移。通过针对整合素信号通路上多个靶点进行分子靶向干预,可能研发出甲状腺癌的针对性治疗方案。本文主要对整合素在甲状腺癌的增殖、侵袭、转移、诊断和治疗等方面所起的作用作一综述。
Integrin as a cell surface receptor, cell adhesion molecules, between cells and cells, cells and extracellular matrix adhesion plays a mediating role. In recent decades, the incidence of thyroid cancer in malignant tumors soaring rapidly, largely due to the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of malignant cells, which is closely related to cell surface adhesion molecule integrins. Studies have found that integrin α3β1, α6β1, αvβ3 and so on through the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, TSP and extracellular matrix collagen collagen, CO), laminin (LN), fibronectin (FN) and other ligands to activate FAK-Ras-Raf or phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) -Akt-m TOR Signal transduction pathways regulate the growth, reproduction, invasion and metastasis of thyroid cancer cells. Targeted therapies for thyroid cancer may be developed by molecular targeted intervention at multiple targets on the integrin signaling pathway. This review focuses on the role of integrin in the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer.