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用方形水冷铜型和铸铁型测试铸件－铸型界面气隙形成的时间；研究铝液压头高度Ｈ和铸型形状及表面粗糙度对气隙形成的影响。形成气隙需要的时间和坯壳厚度随 Ｈ的增加而增加；在铸铁型中，当 Ｈ＞２００ｍｍ时，二者随 Ｈ变化不大。在方形水冷铜型中，由于气隙的作用，坯壳表面角部和中部的温差由负到正，最后又变为负值；角部附近和中部的壳厚比也从大到小，然后又变大。铸型内表面的粗糙度影响形成气隙的时间，但不影响形成气隙时的壳厚。
The square-shaped water-cooled copper and cast iron were used to test the time of formation of the air gap between the casting and the mold interface. The influence of the height of the aluminum hydraulic head, the shape of the mold and the surface roughness on the air gap formation was studied. The time required to form the air gap and the thickness of the shell increased with the increase of H. In the cast iron type, when H> 200mm, the two did not change much with H. In the square water-cooled copper type, due to the effect of the air gap, the temperature difference between the corner and the middle of the shell surface changes from negative to positive and finally to negative value. The shell thickness ratio near the corner and in the middle also decreases from large to small, Big again. The roughness of the inner surface of the mold affects the time to form the air gap but does not affect the shell thickness at the time of air gap formation.