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目的:研究川白芷生长指标、养分及有效成分的动态变化及相互关系,为合理施肥提供理论依据。方法:定期采样并测定相关形态指标、氮、磷、钾及根部有效成分含量与积累量等。结果:秋播川白芷营养生长过程可初步划分为:苗期、地上部分旺盛生长期和根旺盛生长期。随着生长发育,川白芷株高及地上部分干重先增大后减小,根长、根粗、干重逐渐增加;不同时期川白芷对氮、磷、钾的吸收量不同,总体而言,植株对氮、钾吸收量较高,磷较低,其累积量表现为氮>钾>磷,地上部分氮磷钾积累量逐渐减少,根部氮磷钾积累量逐渐增加,养分从地上部分逐渐向根部转运;根部欧前胡素与异欧前胡素含量呈下降-上升-下降-上升的变化趋势,其积累量逐渐增加。此外,地上部分磷、钾积累量与欧前胡素含量呈显著正相关;而异欧前胡素含量则与根部氮磷钾的积累量呈显著正相关。结论:从4月下旬起,川白芷进入根部旺盛时期,根部成为生长中心,其干物质、氮、磷、钾及欧前胡素与异欧前胡素积累量迅速增加,此时应注意氮、磷、钾肥的平衡施用。
Objective: To study the dynamic changes and correlations of growth index, nutrients and active ingredients of Radix et Rhizoma Chuanxiong and to provide a theoretical basis for rational fertilization. Methods: Regular sampling and determination of relevant morphological indicators, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and root active ingredients content and accumulation. Results: The process of vegetative growth of A. dahurica in autumn was preliminarily divided into: seedling stage, vigorous growth stage on the ground and root exuberant growth stage. With the growth and development, the plant height and shoot dry weight first increased and then decreased, root length, root thickness and dry weight increased gradually. The absorption amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of Radix angelicae differed from time to time , The plant uptake of nitrogen and potassium is higher, the phosphorus is lower, the accumulation of nitrogen> potassium> phosphorus accumulation, the accumulation of above-ground part of the NPK decreased gradually, the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the root gradually increased, nutrient gradually from the ground part And translocated to the roots. The content of imperatorin and isoimperatorin showed a trend of decreasing-increasing-decreasing-increasing, and its accumulation gradually increased. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between aboveground phosphorus and potassium accumulation and imperatorin, while isoimperatorin had a significant positive correlation with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation at the root. Conclusion: From the end of April, Chuan Angelica Chinensis enters the root exuberant period, and the root becomes the growth center. The accumulation of dry matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, imperatorin and isoimperator rapidly increases. At this moment, attention should be paid to nitrogen , Phosphorus, potassium balance application.