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目的分析兰州市榆中县学龄期儿童呼吸系统疾病和症状的影响因素,为更好保护儿童健康提供科学依据。方法于2013年9—11月采用随机整群抽样的方法,采用美国流行病学标准问卷(ATS-DLD-78-C)对榆中县某小学3~6年级929名学龄期儿童呼吸系统疾病和症状进行调查,并分析其影响因素。结果 929名学龄期儿童感冒时咳嗽、不感冒时咳嗽、持续咳嗽、感冒时咯痰、不感冒时咯痰、持续咯痰的发生率分别为43.2%,5.4%,1.6%,18.8%,2.9%和0.9%;鼻炎、支气管炎、肺炎、哮喘患病率分别为4.8%,5.8%,6.5%和0.9%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,影响儿童呼吸系统疾病和症状的危险因素包括厨房燃煤、家养宠物、住宅与交通干线距离近、被动吸烟、家庭哮喘史等(P<0.05),冬季开窗通风和做饭时使用抽油烟机是保护因素(P<0.05)。结论榆中县学龄期儿童呼吸系统健康受多种因素影响。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of respiratory diseases and symptoms of school-age children in Yuzhong County, Lanzhou City, and to provide a scientific basis for better protection of children’s health. Methods A total of 929 school-age children with respiratory diseases in Grade 3 to Grade 6 in a primary school of Yuzhong County were enrolled in this study from September to November in 2013 by using random cluster sampling method (ATS-DLD-78-C) And symptoms were investigated and analyzed the impact of factors. Results 929 school-age children had cough during a cold, no cough during a cold, persistent cough, expectoration during a cold, expectoration during a cold, and persistent sputa % And 0.9% respectively. The prevalence rates of rhinitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and asthma were 4.8%, 5.8%, 6.5% and 0.9% respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors affecting children’s respiratory diseases and symptoms included coal burning in kitchens, domesticated pets, residential and traffic routes, passive smoking, family history of asthma (P <0.05), window ventilation in winter and doing The use of cooker hoods was a protective factor (P <0.05). Conclusion The respiratory system health of school-age children in Yuzhong County is affected by many factors.