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自1985年以来,美国由于屡次发生多重耐药性分枝结核杆菌(MDR-TB)医院内结核暴发,而使结核病的发病率明显增加。1988～1990年,美国迈阿密J.M医院的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)病房中发生了一起MDR-TB感染的暴发,医护人员对结核菌素皮肤试验阳转入数大大增加。CDC曾派专人协助该院进行了调查,流行病学和实验室证据均证实了MDR-TB在HIV病房和诊所的病人间和病人与医护人员间的传播。自1990年3
Since 1985, the United States has seen a marked increase in the incidence of tuberculosis due to repeated tuberculosis outbreaks in multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) hospitals. Between 1988 and 1990, an outbreak of MDR-TB infection occurred in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ward at J. M. Hospital in Miami, and health care workers greatly increased the number of positive transmissible tuberculin skin tests. The CDC sent a specialist to assist with the investigation in the hospital. Epidemiological and laboratory evidence confirmed the spread of MDR-TB among patients and between patients and health care workers in HIV wards and clinics. Since 1990 3