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目的探讨甘肃省武威市婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的病原学特点,为病毒性腹泻的防控提供参考依据。方法采集2014年1—12月在武威市凉州区人民医院就诊的5岁以下腹泻儿童粪便标本,并进行病原学检测分析,同时对患儿家长进行面对面问卷调查。结果病毒性腹泻病毒的年检出率71.83%,杯状病毒(Hu CV)、轮状病毒(HRV)、肠道腺病毒(EADV)和星状病毒(ASTV)年检出率分别为43.31%(123/284)、35.92%(102/284)、13.38%(38/284)和10.92%(31/284),混合感染率44.12%(90/204),102份轮状病毒G型血清型与P型基因型以G3、P4、P6型为优势株;90%的阳性标本来自1岁以下婴幼儿,水样便、发热和呕吐的发生率分别为69.71%、47.53%和23.24%。结论杯状病毒和轮状病毒是2014年武威市婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的最主要病原,1岁以下婴幼儿是主要的流行人群,水样便、发热和呕吐是婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的三联症,混合感染较常见。
Objective To explore the etiological characteristics of infant diarrhea in Wuwei City, Gansu Province, and to provide a reference for the prevention and control of viral diarrhea. Methods Stool samples of children under 5 years of age with diarrhea attending from Liangzhou District People’s Hospital in Wuwei City from January to December 2014 were collected and analyzed by etiological analysis. Meanwhile, face-to-face questionnaire was conducted among parents of children. Results The annual detection rate of viral diarrhea virus was 71.83%. The annual detection rates of Hu CV, HRV, EADV and ASTV were 43.31% (123/284), 35.92% (102/284), 13.38% (38/284) and 10.92% (31/284) respectively. The combined infection rates were 44.12% (90/204), 102 rotavirus G serotypes The genotypes of P and G were predominant strains of G3, P4 and P6. 90% of positive samples were from infants under 1 year old. The incidence of watery stools, fever and vomiting were 69.71%, 47.53% and 23.24% respectively. Conclusions Caliciviruses and rotavirus are the most important causative agents for infantile viral diarrhea in Wuwei City in 2014. Infants under 1 year old are the major epidemic groups. Watery stool, fever and vomiting are the triad of viral diarrhea in infants and young children Mixed infections are more common.