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老瓜贼是清初在北方省份出现的劫杀旅客商人的盗贼,他们作案手段多样,狡猾残忍,成为危害社会及清廷政府的祸患。康熙、雍正、乾隆三帝都非常重视老瓜贼问题的解决,并采取了有力治理措施,如强化保甲制积极预防,重刑严法打击震慑,建立官兵民一体的治理体系等。对老瓜贼问题的处理是清初社会治理的重大事件,也说明了清初地方统制管理的有效性。
Melon thieves are rogue robbery merchants who appeared in the northern provinces in the early Qing Dynasty. They used diversified and cunning means to commit crimes and became the scourge of endangering the society and the Qing government. Emperor Kangxi, Emperor Yongzheng and Emperor Qianlong all attached great importance to the solution of the problem of the guajian thief, and took effective measures such as strengthening the proactive prevention and punishment of baojia and severely punishing the deterrence and establishing a system of government and civilian integration. The treatment of the Euphemia problem is a major event of social governance in the early Qing dynasty, and also illustrates the effectiveness of the local government in the early Qing Dynasty.