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《孙子兵法》作为我国古代一部经典的军事著作和世界三大兵书之一,其影响范围已不仅局限于军事领域,它对世界范围内政治、经济、外交策略的影响也较为广泛和深刻。《孙子兵法》在世界范围内的广泛传播主要是依靠其英译本的作用。其中以英国汉学家贾尔斯和中国翻译大家林戊荪的译本流传较为广泛,许多外国读者都是通过这两个译本来了解《孙子兵法》的。《孙子兵法》中有大量包含特殊民族文化的文化负载词。这些文化负载词反映的是中国特有的文化概念和文化内涵。由于在英语中找不到与其相对应的词,这些特殊的文化负载词造成了翻译过程中的极大障碍。文章通过对中外两译家译本的比较研究来讨论《孙子兵法》误译的原因和文化负载词翻译的策略,以期为弘扬中国传统文化做出贡献。
As an ancient military classic in China and one of the world’s three major military books, Sun Tzu’s Art of War has not only been limited to the military sphere of influence, it has also had a wide and profound impact on the political, economic, and diplomatic strategies worldwide. The widespread dissemination of Sun Tzu’s Art of War is based on its English translation. Among them, the translation of English sinologist Giles and Chinese translator Lin Wuyi is widespread, and many foreign readers understand the “Sun Tzu Art” through these two translations. There is a large number of culturally-loaded words that contain special ethnic cultures in The Art of War. These culturally-loaded words reflect China’s unique cultural concepts and cultural connotations. Since there are no corresponding words in English, these special culturally-loaded words cause great obstacles in the translation process. The article discusses the reasons for the mistranslation of “The Art of War” and the strategies for the translation of culture-loaded words through the comparative study of two Chinese and foreign translators, in the hope of contributing to the promotion of Chinese traditional culture.