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用压片法对八倍体小偃麦与硬粒小麦及其杂种F_1小孢子发生和花粉发育进行了详细的细胞学观察。结果表明,两亲本八倍体小偃麦和硬粒小麦的小孢子发生和花粉发育是基本正常的,二者结实率也基本正常。[八倍体小偃麦×硬粒小麦]F_1小孢子发生过程非常紊乱,花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ出现较高频率的单价体和多价体,其相对紊乱系数高达0.67;减数分裂晚后期,每个细胞落后染色体平均3.56条;四分体期,每个四分体微核数平均2.82个。在杂种F_1花粉发育的每个时期都可产生不同频率的败育花粉。在三细胞成熟花粉期,杂种F_1可育花粉百分率为67.36%,基本能够满足传粉受精的需要,但其结实率仅为2.79%,远远低于两亲本结实率。因此杂种F_1花粉的败育不是导致其结实率低的主导因素。
A detailed cytological observation was carried out on the microspore development and pollen development of octoploid Tritiophora tritici, durum wheat and their hybrids F1 by using the tabletting method. The results showed that microsporogenesis and pollen development of the parents octoploid triticale and durum wheat were basically normal, and the seed setting rate of the two parents was basically normal. [Octoploid Tritium-aestivum × Triticale] The microspore development process of F_1 was very disordered. The monovalent and multivalent forms of metaphase Ⅰ in meiosis of pollen mother cells showed a relative turbulence coefficient of up to 0.67; meiosis Late late, each cell lagging chromosomes an average of 3.56; quartile, an average of 2.82 per quadruple micronucleus. Abortion pollens of different frequencies can be produced at each stage of F1 hybrid pollen development. The percentage of fertile F1 hybrids was 67.36% at the stage of three-cell mature pollen, which could basically meet the need of pollination and fertilization. However, the seed setting rate was only 2.79%, far lower than that of the parents. Therefore, abortion F1 hybrid pollen is not the leading factor leading to low seed setting rate.