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在野外采集中考察气枪阵列的稳定性以及进行确定性子波反褶积,都要求能够获得气枪阵列的实时远场子波。目前海上地震勘探所用的气枪阵列均由单枪与相干枪组成,因此需要按照相干情况下远场子波合成原理,首先记录阵列单元(所有单枪与相干枪)上的近场子波,进而利用软件模拟计算远场子波。通过对气枪阵列每次激发的远场子波进行自相关或互相关处理,评估阵列的稳定性;在地震数据处理时,利用远场子波求取较为准确的反子波算子,进而实现确定性反褶积处理。文中用实例介绍了利用获得的远场子波进行气枪稳定性评估以及地震资料反褶积处理的效果。
Investigating the stability of the air-gun array in the field acquisition and the definitive wavelet deconvolution both require the acquisition of the real-time far-field wavelet of the air-gun array. At present, the air gun arrays used in marine seismic exploration are composed of single gun and coherent gun. Therefore, according to the principle of far-field wavelet synthesis in coherent situations, the near-field wavelets on the array unit (all single-gun and coherent gun) should be recorded first, Simulation of far-field wavelet. The stability of the array is evaluated by autocorrelation or cross-correlation of each far-field wavelet excited by the air-gun array. When the seismic data is processed, the far-field wavelet is used to obtain the more accurate trans-wave operator and then the certainty Deconvolution treatment. In this paper, an example is given to illustrate the effect of using the far-field wavelet obtained for air gun stability assessment and seismic data deconvolution.