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Lithium (Li) metal anodes with the high theoretical specific capacity (3860 mAh g-1) and most negative reduction potential (-3.04 V vs.standard hydrogen electrode) have been considered as an ultimate choice for energy storage devices with high energy density [1-4].However, the practical applications of Li metalbased batteries (LMBs) are confronted with two tough issues: Li dendrite growth induced by uneven Li depositions and unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) (Fig.1a) [5,6].The SEI with low modulus is constantly broken caused by dendrite growth and severely changed volume of electrode during cycling [7,8].Meanwhile, the dead Li would form when Li dendrites lose contact with current collector [9,10].The formation of dead Li results in low Coulombic efficiency and a poor lifespan [11].These are critical obstacles for practical application of LMBs.