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“鼠伤寒沙门氏菌肠道感染”是婴幼儿多发性传染病之一。鼠伤寒菌传播力强，常引起医院内普通儿科病房之间的交叉感染，严重者可危及患儿的生命。所以，极需对不明原因的婴儿腹泻进行初步鉴别的快速诊断法。如发现鼠伤寒菌感染者应隔离治疗加强消毒措施以防止蔓延。作者曾遇到一起院内交叉感染，首发病例发病两周余，因来能及时确诊而播散，采用快速免疫染色法，在40分钟内即查对核准了该病原菌，使临床及时得到正确的诊断并采取有效措施控制了感染的蔓延，现报告如下。
“Salmonella typhimurium intestinal infection” is one of infantile multiple infectious diseases. Salmonella typhimurium strong transmission, often causing cross-infection between ordinary pediatric wards in hospitals, in serious cases can endanger the lives of children. Therefore, the need for initial identification of unknown causes of infant diarrhea rapid diagnostic method. If found infected with S. typhimurium should be isolated to enhance disinfection measures to prevent the spread. The authors have encountered a hospital cross-infection, the first case more than two weeks after onset, because of timely diagnosis and dissemination, rapid immunostaining, within 40 minutes that check the pathogen approved to make the clinical timely and correct diagnosis And take effective measures to control the spread of the infection, are as follows.