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【目的】准确选配南方红豆杉优良杂交育种亲本,高效地开展杂交育种试验。【方法】以30个不同产地南方红豆杉雌雄育种亲本为材料,测定了树高和胸径等生长性状以及叶绿素含量,并通过IMAGING-PAM荧光成像系统测定了PSⅡ叶绿素荧光参数,分析了亲本间生长性状、叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光参数差异。【结果】南方红豆杉育种亲本树高、叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光参数在产地间具有显著差异,而在性别间仅实际量子产量Y(Ⅱ)、调节性能量耗散的量子产量Y(NPQ)、q_P和F_v/F_m存在显著差异。从变异系数来看,亲本个体间表型性状变异超过15%。对比南方红豆杉雌雄株PSⅡ反应中心的光能利用效率发现,雌株的Y(Ⅱ)、q_P和F_v/F_m参数分别显著高出雄株的11.30%、4.28%和4.11%,雄株的Y(NPQ)较雌株则显著高出12.95%。光能分配模式方面,雌株吸收的光能41%用于光化学反应,而雄株仅37%。在欧氏距离为8处,表型聚类将南方红豆杉育种亲本划分为4个类群。其中第Ⅰ类表型性状表现一般,但PSⅡ光合效率优良;第Ⅱ类表型性状和PSⅡ光合效率均最差;第Ⅲ类表型性状和PSⅡ光合效率均较好;第IV类表型性状和PSⅡ光合效率均最优。【结论】南方红豆杉雌株表型生长不如雄株,但PSⅡ反应中心光合效率高于雄株,可能与其具更大的生殖成本有关。南方红豆杉亲本类群中表型生长越优良,其PSⅡ指示光合效率的荧光参数越高,说明叶绿素荧光参数在一定程度上可以反映该亲本的生长状况,能为优良杂交育种亲本选配提供辅助参考。
【Objective】 The objective of this experiment was to select the elite hybrids of Taxus chinensis and to carry out hybrid breeding experiments efficiently. 【Method】 The growth traits and chlorophyll content of tree height and diameter at breast height were measured with the male and female parent of 30 species of Taxus chinensis in different areas. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of PSⅡ were measured by IMAGING-PAM fluorescence imaging system, Traits, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. 【Result】 The results showed that there were significant differences in tree height, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters among the producing areas in the parents of Taxus chinensis var. Mairei, but only the actual quantum yield Y (Ⅱ) and the quantum yield Y (NPQ) There are significant differences between q_P and F_v / F_m. From the coefficient of variation point of view, the variation of phenotypic traits in the parents exceeded 15%. Comparing the light utilization efficiency of the PSⅡ reaction center of male and female S. mairei plants, the Y (Ⅱ), q_P and F_v / Fm parameters of female plants were significantly higher than those of male plants by 11.30%, 4.28% and 4.11% (NPQ) was significantly higher than the female plant 12.95%. In the light energy distribution pattern, 41% of the light energy absorbed by the female plants was used for photochemical reactions, while the male plants were only 37%. At the Euclidean distance of 8, the phenotypic clustering divides the Taxus chinensis breeding parents into four groups. Among them, the phenotypic traits of type Ⅰ were general but the photosynthetic efficiency of PSⅡ was excellent; the phenotypic traits of type Ⅱ and PS Ⅱ were the lowest; the photosynthetic efficiency of type Ⅲ and PS Ⅱ were all good; the type IV phenotypic traits And PS Ⅱ photosynthetic efficiency are the best. 【Conclusion】 The phenotypic growth of Taxus chinensis var. Mairei was not as good as that of male plants, but the photosynthetic efficiency of PSⅡ reaction center was higher than that of male plants, which may be related to its greater reproductive cost. The better the phenotypic growth in the parent taxa, the higher the fluorescence parameters of photosynthetic efficiency indicated by PSⅡ, indicating that the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters can reflect the parental growth to a certain extent, which can provide reference for the selection of elite hybrid breeding parents .