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晋西北地区春播马铃薯、豆类、莜麦等,多采用犁播,即随犁施肥播种,一次作业,预先不耕翻,是免耕直播的一种方式,这个传统经验适应旱地特点,能有效地利用土壤水分,有利于出苗保苗。而其他小粒作物则采用耧播,如胡麻、谷子、糜黍等,莜麦也有耧播的,耧播前要浅耕一次,对保墒十分不利。我们受国内外免耕法启示,总结当地免耕犁播的经验,1987年进行了秋深耕施肥,春免耕松土直播试验,收到良好效果,1988年示范3713亩。1989年在神池、保德、五寨、偏关等县推广13.7万亩,其中胡麻12.5万亩,莜麦0.85万亩,其他作物0.35万亩。一、技术原理及方法在秋深耕耙耱的同时,以秋施肥代替春施肥,或者在秋深耕耙耱、蓄水保墒的基础
Spring sowing of potatoes, beans and oatmeal in northwest of Shanxi Province are mainly plots, that is, sowing with plowing and fertilizing, one operation and no plowing in advance are one way of no-tillage and direct sowing. This traditional experience adapts to the characteristics of dry land and is effective Use of soil moisture, is conducive to seedling seedlings. Other small grain crops are sowing, such as flax, millet, millet millet, oats also have sowing, before sowing shallow tillage, the moisture is very negative. Inspired by domestic and international no-tillage methods, we summarized the experience of no-tillage plow planting in our country. In 1987, we conducted autumn deep tillage fertilization and direct tillage with no-till tillage in the spring and received good results. In 1988, we demonstrated 3713 mu of land. In 1989, Shenchi, Baode, Wuzhai and Piaohuan counties promoted 137,000 mu, of which 125,000 mu were flax, 8,500 mu was oatmeal and 0.35 mu was other crops. First, the technical principles and methods In autumn and autumn cultivate rake 耱 at the same time, instead of spring fertilization in autumn fertilization, or in the autumn cultivate rake 耱, water and soil conservation based